The Career Of Oncology Nurse - 1003 Words

Ann Richards once said, â€Å"I had such high expectations of myself. I was going to be the best mother, the best housewife, the best entertainer, the best nurse, you know - what it was, I was going to be the best. And I could never live up to my expectations.†Once something traumatic happens to your family, one might want to take action to help fix or find a cure.The career of Oncology Nurse is a life fulfilling because one can save many lives. The research will describe the career of Oncology Nurse, what is required to become a successful and the impact this career has on society. As we all know cancer has been around for practically forever, but the history of cancer goes back to early Greek and Roman writings, which including descriptions of the disease. Cancer can affect anyone at any time. Nurses always existed, but it wasn t until the 1970s that oncological nurses became known really for all that They do. Today cancer is the second highest reason of death. We are improv ing our research and our treatments so we can continue to search for a cure. As an oncology nurse you must care for cancer patients. Nurses must be aware of the psychological aspects of this type of nursing. They also need to know all the effects that it can bring involving patients, families, and friends. Nurses must keep track of a patient’s treatment, the advances of disease, and on current research. The nurse must be aware of the drugs given and the dosages including their side effects. Normally 12Show MoreRelatedMy Career As A Pediatric Oncology Nurse Essay1424 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen my leading career choice. Career options such as a pediatrician, oncologist, anesthesiologist, etc. have been considered in my pursuit of finding the proper career path, but through all the consideration I have never lost my true passion of helping others. Through careful examination of these various careers, I discovered that I wanted to pursue a career that was more personal and hands- on. I have chosen to pursue a career as a pediatric oncology nurse. Although this career with be both physicallyRead MoreBecoming An Inadequate Number Of Nursing Staff947 Words   |  4 PagesA great number of oncology clinics are currently experiencing an inadequate number of nursing staff. Within the last year, my career has taken me out of the clinical setting. However, reflecting on my time at Tennessee Oncology, nursing shortages gave reason for great concern. Due to a high turnover rate, Tennessee Oncology always seemed to be hiring. A variety of factors contribute to these staffing issues, such as, an influx of patients, unpleasant working conditions, declining quality of careRead MoreAnatomy and physiology: Phagocytosis1130 Words   |  5 Pagesphysiology is very important to my career. My short term goal is to become accepted into San Jacintos RN program in which I will be in for two years. I will obtain my associates of applied science in nursing. Afterwards I will tran sfer to the University of Texas and continue to get my Bachelors of Science in Nursing. With all of this schooling I would love to work at MD Anderson Cancer Center as a pediatric oncology nurse. Pediatric oncology nurses are cancer nurses who care for the young patientsRead MoreOccupational Profile Interview : Sarah Cook, Rn, Bsn Essay898 Words   |  4 PagesBSN, OCN Nursing is an emotionally, physically, and demanding profession. It truly takes a distinct individual to become a nurse, although, anyone could complete the course work and sit for the NCLEX exam to pass the licensure to become a nurse, with that being said, not everyone that completes the requirements to become a nurse will exhibit the quality nurses should. Nurses require empathy, compassion, knowledge of expertise, time management skills, superb communication and writing technique, andRead MoreCompassion Fatigue in Pediatric Oncology Nurses Essay1282 Words   |  6 PagesPediatric oncology nurses are given the unique opportunity to make connections and build long-term relationship with their patients and families. Standard treatment protocol for many childhood cancers span over the course of years, with long-term surveillance and follow up visits after treatment has finished. Due to their patient’s chronic diagnoses and the acuity of their conditions, pediatric oncology nurses work in an environment of increased stress. The high stress environment puts the nurses atRead MoreTransition Into The Professional Role1287 Words   |  6 Pagesthe opportunity to go to the facility for clinical and find that it has a great atmosphere and is one of the leading pediatric hospitals. Before applying for a job there are certain criteria set by the Board of Nursing for obtaining an Registered nurse license in the state of Florida which are the following: According to the Florida Board of Nursing under Section 464.008 you must graduate from an accredited nursing program in Florida whom is from an Accreditation Commission for Education in NursingRead MoreAlumni Clinical Observation Assignment1625 Words   |  7 Pageshad the honor of shadowing Jenn Dagger, a registered Oncology nurse who works at the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine. She works in the Oncology unit located on the third floor west pavilion, which contains both the Rena Rowan Breast Cancer Center and the Jordan Center for Gynecologic Cancers. She graduated from the University of Pennsylvania with a Bachelor’s degree of Science in Nursing and decided to stay in Philadelphia to pursue a career. She originally worked in the Cardiac unit, but sheRead MoreVirginia Hendersons Needs Theory And On cology1588 Words   |  7 PagesHenderson’s Needs Theory and Oncology Virginia Henderson stated â€Å"the nurse is temporarily the consciousness of the unconscious, . . . the leg of the amputee, the eyes of the newly blind† (Henderson, 2008, p.26). By saying this, Henderson was explaining how the nurse temporarily fulfills the functions of the patient when the patient is not capable of fulfilling these functions themselves. Henderson’s theory was comprised of fourteen activities that she thought the nurse was to help the patients performRead MoreWhy Nurses Are So Passionate About Helping People? Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever wondered why nurses are so passionate about helping people? Is it because a nurse earns a lot of money? Being a nurse does not mean there is a lot of money, but there is a passion for nurses that drive them to get up every day and go to work to help thousands of patients’ injuries, illness, and diseases. In the late 20th century, there were not enough nurses, and patients suffered and died becau se of lack of health services. The reason a nurse inspires me is because I believe thereRead MoreNursing Professional Development Plan1383 Words   |  6 PagesProfessional Development Plan: Professional development is entirely about constant learning and education to enable me as a nurse, deliver the paramount services to my patients and society. The reason for this assignment is to allow me to provide a depiction of my educational, professional background as well as personal goals correlated to the course work and the practicum. â€Å"Your professional development should NOT be random or ad hoc! Your learning should be well thought-out, systematic and managed

John B. Watson s Article Summary Essay - 1765 Words

Article Summary One of the most famous American Psychologists, John B. Watson, conducted numerous experiments that helped establish a clearer understanding of how the human brain associates response to certain situations. In one of his more famous experiments, Watson tested the conditioned emotional response of a small child. This child, Albert, was eleven months old and was one of â€Å"the most developed youngsters ever brought to the hospital† (Watson, 1). It was noted that he never presented fear in any situation, and rarely ever cried. For this reason, Albert was a strong subject for testing throughout the conditioned response experiment. Ultimately, Watson hoped to answer the research question: â€Å"Are reactions and behaviors of humans a result of conditioning, or are they naturally implemented in humans from birth?†. However, before Watson began the experiment, he hypothesized that all behaviors are a result of conditioning. Similar to previous observations made, Watsonâ€℠¢s goal was to implement stimuli, triggering an emotional response while a certain object was in the child’s possession. If Watson’s hypothesis was correct, a fear reaction would be triggered when the same object was shown to Albert. To begin the experiment, Watson introduced a rat to Albert and recorded the child’s behavior. Albert demonstrated no fear of the rat at all, and proceeded to reach for the animal. Just as Albert’s hand touched the animal, Watson struck a metal bar behind the child’s head. ThisShow MoreRelatedClassical Vs. Classical Conditioning1095 Words   |  5 Pagesexplored by first giving a general definition along with the general phases of basic classical conditioning. Then, more insight is given about the developers of this learning process and their experiments: Ivan Pavlov and his dog experiment and John B. Watson and Little Albert experiment. Finally, real-world applications of this learning process are introduced such as h ow to treat phobias, addictions and achieve good classroom behavior. Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was born in Russia in 1849. He was firstRead MoreBenefits And Limitations Of A Physical Education Learning Theory1351 Words   |  6 Pagesso, the selected learning theory will be compared and contrasted with basic learning theories and concepts. Firstly, the selected learning theory will be outlined. Secondly, this paper will discuss behaviourist approach to learning. Finally, to summaries this paper, the reader will get a greater understanding ofbehaviourist approach to learning.To put this discussion into context there now follows a definition of learning and a brief description of the behaviourist theory. Learning can be definedRead MoreEssay on Behaviorism: Types, History, and Today2278 Words   |  10 Pagesfocus. The main overall focus is it studies how a human behaves and is supposed to behave in order to detect human behavior discrepancies. As a behaviorist view, everything you see has a set behavior and should perform a certain, similar to robots. Watson stated that â€Å"psychology as a behaviorist views it is a purely objective experimental branch of natural science. Its theoretical goal is †¦ prediction and control† (1913, p.158). A more in depth perspective it is that they also believe people have noRead MoreInformation Security15951 Words   |  64 Pagesliterature is a crucial endeavor for any academic research (Webster Watson, 2002, pp. 48-49). The need to uncover what is already known in the body of knowledge prior to initiating any research study should not be underestimated (Hart, 1998). Some fields of studies, such as engineering, have chronically suffered from a lack of proper literature reviews, which has hindered theoretical and conceptual progress (D. Shaw, 1995). Webster and Watson (2002) also criticized the Information Systems (IS) field forRead MoreEssay on Globalization of McdonaldS on China5339 Words   |  22 PagesGlobalization of McDonald’s in China Executive Summary McDonald’s is one the largest fastest growing fast-food restaurant in the world. McDonald’s have become a household name across the world. The fast food giant has come a long way from being just a burger stand in San Bernardino, California in 1940. The original owners were two brothers, Richard and Maurice McDonald. The hot dog stand evolved into a restaurant offering 25 items on the menu. In 1947, Richard and Maurice (going forwardRead MoreSoft Skills: An Essential in the 21st Century Managers Toolkit2864 Words   |  12 Pagesmore with less. A rise in people with traditional degrees and certificates in the UK (Office for National Statistics, 2013) causes higher supply of workforce with sufficient technical skills, creating a need for companies to distinguish a person s potential input within a workplace via further means. Looking for the right manager to promote effectiveness and productivity in a company during an economic downturn, firms are now starting to understand the trend of putting higher importance onRead MoreOrganizational Behaviorial Case Study4431 Words   |  18 PagesOrganizational Behavioral Study for Adobe Systems Incorporated University of Phoenix School of Advanced Studies Abstract Adobe Systems Incorporated is committed to innovation. In 1982, Chuck Geschke and John Warnock founded Adobe when they set out to solve the problem of getting text and images on a computer screen. In 1983 they launched Adobe Post Script and were embraced as industry visionaries and leaders. Adobe’s Portable Document Format or PDF provided solutions for businesses and allowedRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pagesnovel is sometimes used interchangeably with Bildungsroman, but its use is usually wider and less technical. The birth of the Bildungsroman is normally dated to the publication of Wilhelm Meister s Apprenticeship by Johann Wolfgang Goethe in 1795–96,[8] or, sometimes, to Christoph Martin Wieland s Geschichte des Agathon of 1767.[9] Although the Bildungsroman arose in Germany, it has had extensive influence first in Europe and later throughout the world. Thomas Carlyle translated Goethe’s novelRead MoreBenifits of Language5821 Words   |  24 Pagesfaculty using active learning and get ideas from them. 2. Observe classes where active learning is going on 3. Attend workshops, training sessions, or seminars on how to incorporate active learning approaches. 4. Read research and articles about the values and ways to use active learning. 5. Plan carefully and start with simple approaches. Pair work is often the easiest to begin using and has the least chance for social problems. †¢ A worksheet in pairs is a simpleRead MoreMarket Segmentation in Hospitality Research6132 Words   |  25 PagesMarket segmentation in hospitality research: no longer a sequential process John T. Bowen William F. Harrah College of Hotel Administration, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA Explores development in market segmentation relating to hospitality and tourism research published between 1990 and 1998. The literature is divided into three sections: segmenting a market; market targeting and marketing positioning. Identiï ¬ es new areas for research, deeper examination of segments, identiï ¬ cation of difference

Compare and Contrast Wilson’s and Roosevelt’s Progressivism Free Essays

Advocates of progressivism had a goal of curing society’s ills by improving government and its role, but some progressives had different approaches to this reform. Presidents Wilson and Roosevelt can be used as examples of this complex reform because they both wanted to improve the economy, but had different incentives behind the programs they used to do so. Roosevelt’s program of progressive reform, New Nationalism, was created in an effort to regulate only those trusts that were â€Å"bad† for public welfare – he distinguished some trusts to be either â€Å"good† or â€Å"bad. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast Wilson’s and Roosevelt’s Progressivism or any similar topic only for you Order Now He stressed the need for control of corporations, consumer protection, and conservation of natural resources. To illustrate, he intervened in the Anthracite Coal Strike on behalf of the workers. He threatened to nationalize mines if the corporations who owned them didn’t consent to arbitration and pay increases for the workers. The Hepburn Act of 1906 was passed to regulate the railroads by increasing the government’s power to oversee their rates. In that same year the pure food and drug act was passed which prohibited the selling of dangerous medicines and impure foods. Along with that, the Meat Inspection Act was passed and it helped eliminate diseases caused by meat because it enforced sanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry. However, Roosevelt’s greatest success was in the conservation of the environment. The Newlands Act was passed which created a way for government to irrigate deserts. Roosevelt became an admired public figure because of his involvement in reforming society. Unlike President Roosevelt, President Wilson believed that every single monopolistic business was bad because it disrupted the economy and must be abolished as a result, so he worked towards â€Å"busting trusts. † Wilson’s reform program, New Freedom, sought to attack what Wilson called the Triple Wall of Privilege – the tariff, banks, and trusts. After it passed, the Underwood-Simmons Bill reduced tariff rates substantial enough to bring real competition to America which helped break the power of the trusts. The Federal Reserve act was happily signed by Wilson and it directly affected the amount of currency circulation. Related article: Jamestown and Plymouth Compare and Contrast The Federal Trade Commission Act created an authoritative agency that helped businesses become decorous in the eyes of government. The Clayton Anti-Trust Act used the Sherman Act to name certain business acts illegal. Wilson’s New Freedom was the brand of activism and progressivism that he brought to the national level that was different from others. Both Roosevelt and Wilson held leadership qualities like no other and had strong views for America although they were completely different in their approaches for changing America itself. How to cite Compare and Contrast Wilson’s and Roosevelt’s Progressivism, Essay examples

Portrayal of Gender Roles in Disney Films free essay sample

Gender roles are present in every Western society and culture today. One’s portrayal of gender roles begins at a young age, not only at home through parents, but also through the media. The media is one of the largest influential factors of gender role portrayal. There has been concern about the accuracy of the portrayals of men and women in media, which may not be proper depictions (England, Descartes and Collier-Meek 2011: 556). It is through these reinforced meanings of masculinity and femininity that children’s gender-role socialization is being distorted. Such distortion begins at quite a young age and this kind of exposure may be problematic (England et al. 2011: 557). A more specific medium of the media that is a powerful socializing agent in the lives of children is movies, and particularly movies by Disney. Disney is the worlds second largest media firm, and is one of the first factors that affect a child’s gender role portrayal (Martz, Bazzini, Curtin, Joslin, Regan 2010: 353). We will write a custom essay sample on Portrayal of Gender Roles in Disney Films or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even though children may be unaware that these views are being formed, the prince and princess characters in many Disney movies portray traditional masculine and feminine characteristics. These later on build the stereotypical gender images that are related to these traditional characteristics (Ross 2004: 55). Children start to associate certain attributes to men and women and this is how their portrayal is shaped. In many of the fairy-tale Disney movies, male and female characters are overrepresented and having such portrayals of gender roles may weaken children’s beliefs, expectations and aspirations because they cannot aspire to do something other than what is presented in the Disney films (England et al. 2011: 557). Gender role portrayals in Disney movies influence children’s beliefs and ideas about  gender and sexuality, social behaviors and norms in society. Gender roles begin to shape children’s beliefs and values from a young age. A large part of children’s lives in the 21st century is the media, and it is through this medium that children begin to develop specific gender roles for men and women. Disney is a huge part of most chil dren’s lives while growing up. Although Disney movies are a source of entertainment, there are many hidden messages that do affect children, even unconsciously (England et al. 2011: 560). Gender and sexuality go hand in hand in movies and are one of the most important factors that differentiate men and women. Disney movies portray the ideal appearances of both sexes and also overemphasize the value of beauty for women. These depictions in movies shape children’s images of what they should strive to look like as it is understood that if they look a certain way they will have a â€Å"happy ending. † The appearance of men and women in Disney movies, but also in the media itself, is a very large part of our Western culture. The introduction of such appearances and roles through movies at a young age leads children to have stronger beliefs about gender role portrayals and stereotypes about appearances (England et al.  2011: 566). There are typical images portrayed of both men and women in numerous Disney films and most fall under quite similar categories. In the movies the handsome, strong men are usually associated as â€Å"good guys†, while the rather unattractive and mean men are the â€Å"bad guys† (Bazinni et al. 2010: 2697). The prince or the hero in Disney movies is always handsome and able to vanquish the antagonist while also successfully attaining the beautiful girl. The desirable girl in Disney movies is always beautiful and caring, and wishes to find her prince charming. In films, the attractiveness of a character has to do more then with just how the characters look, but it also correlates with how morally good the character portrayed is. This is what some call the â€Å"what-is-beautiful-is-good† stereotype, which is highly prevalent in Disney films. (Bazinni et al. 2010: 2690). The media’s depictions of gender in movies are not balanced and exposure to such distorted images may be causing detrimental effects on youth’s gender role socialization. The appearance of men and women is also sexualized so much and gives children the idea that there is a positive and ideal way to look and act. Sexuality is a part of the appearance of men and women that has an enormous responsibility on the representation of gender roles. Women especially, are sexualized and taught to use their bodies to their advantage. In many Disney movies, women and even young girls are shown as very seductive which presents a notion that this is what femininity is about (Sun. 2011). It doesn’t necessarily reflect who women are, but constructs the concept that it’s the regular way to behave. In the movie Aladdin, for example, Jasmine needs to protect Aladdin and distract the â€Å"bad guys†. To do this, she seduces the men and uses her body and actions to do so (Sun. 2011). This is just one of the examples of the many instances that women’s bodies and actions are used to allow them to get what they want. Through the flutter of their eyelashes, and smile on their face, female characters achieve much more then they would if they didn’t look the way they do. This whole perfect image of women isn’t only seen in movies; Disney’s market goes way beyond that. Through selling their products, Disney allows girls to be the beautiful characters that they see in movies, and this starts at such a young age. Dressing up as the princesses they love, girls start to believe that attractive looks will allow them to achieve anything they want (Sun. 2011). The messages that children receive from this are surely not ones that they should build their values upon. It is through these messages that young boys and girls also create their beliefs of what they should strive to look like and what is considered ideal. In the messages that are sent through movies, children are able to put together the ideal images of both sexes, and strive to be that perfect boy or girl. Since the ideal representation of men and women is so defined, it narrows children’s views of what beautiful or handsome really is. This does not only form their values and expectations, but can also create problems for males and females as teenagers. More common in girls, mental health issues such as anorexia or bulimia, but also self-confidence issues arise from the expectations that are given for appearances. Since these expectations form at such a young age, it puts both boys and girls in unhealthy situations that may cause more serious problems, as they grow older. Giving children such small representations is not fair to their outlook on life, as it will narrow how they view themselves and others in their society (Sun. 2011). It will not only narrow representations of gender and sexuality, but also the behaviors attributed to both sexes. The influence of Disney movies affects children’s beliefs of the behaviors that are attributed to both sexes. Gender and the behaviors are closely tied together, as males and females are portrayed with categories of characteristics that connect to each. Children learn about these behaviors in many ways while growing up. Through observing people at home, in the classroom, and in public areas, children are flooded with many different qualities and characteristics of men and women, and they learn to differentiate what behavior â€Å"belongs† to each sex. Disney movies play a large role in this, as well as the representation of women as lacking the ability to achieve anything without the help of a man. Through the characters in these movies, children’s images of how they should act and behave are slowly molded and shaped. In Western society, there are certain stereotypes given to women and men in the ways that they should behave. Disney movies include a lot of the stereotypical characteristics that they associate with characters of men and women. Men are typically given such characteristics as athletic, brave, competitive, dominant, independent, intelligent, and rebellious (England et al. 2011: 559). Women on the other hand have characteristics such as caring/loving, childlike, dependent, fearful and scared (England et al. 2011: 559). These characteristics reinforce the traditional male and female stereotypes in Western society. Characteristics given to the male and female roles of characters give children watching these movies the ideas that this is how they should behave, and also how the opposite sex should behave too (Choueiti, Granados, Pieper and Smith. 2010: 786). Disney movies create an environment of images that we grow up and get used to, and after a while those images begin to shape what we know about the societies we live in and the world itself (Sun. 2011). Men and women are not only portrayed with certain stereotypical characteristics, but with behaviors that affect their daily lives. Many Disney movies depict women as needy and lacking the ability to do anything without a man. This is unfortunately very common in many of the movies. Even the strong and powerful females need to be rescued or helped by a male. Princesses are unable to save their own lives, girls are unable to complete their journeys, and men step in on many occasions to do the saving. A classic example of this is the Sleeping Beauty, a film with the typical Disney princess and prince who comes to save the day. Many Disney movies have a similar plot line and by changing around a few details a new story  appears but still teaches the same lesson. Girls grow up believing that boys and men are more capable of being successful then them, and boys grow up believing that they are the greater sex that is able to do anything (Sun. 2011). This creates a gap in the gender portrayals that is very large and does affect people in society. Though now men and women have equal rights and are capable of having the same opportunities and achieving equally as great things, the message that is being sent to children from these movies may alter what they think they can accomplish of in the future (Choueiti et al.  2010: 775). This is not a message that we should be sending to the children of future generations as through this, the images of how they should act and behave are shaped. Learning about the behaviors and characteristics that have been in a way assigned to both genders makes it difficult for a child to grow up with an open mind about these things. From childhood, their values and beliefs are already beginning to be molded. There is also a lack of freedom, or a lack of imagination that limits children to believe only in what is shown to be â€Å"right† in the films they watch (England et al. 2011: 557). Therefore, boys tend to act in ways that the male characters do such as aggressive, competitive, while girls act more passive and expressive (Choueiti et al. 2010: 776). These are just some of the characteristics and behaviors that children tend to take on from the influence of films. Though children are strongly impacted by Disney movies, educators and families need to work together to help children gain the appropriate knowledge so that they don’t grow up in a society with stereotyped social gender expectations. Tied quite closely to gender portrayal and behaviors is gender and social norms. The behaviors of male and females tend to connect and impact the social norms that are present in society. Just as Disney impacts children’s view and belief of sexuality and behaviors, it also shapes their ideas about social norms and how they should live. As discussed in the previous paragraph, men are usually portrayed as strong and successful and women more as caring and passive. A great deal of this connect to social norms, as through these characteristics it is determined how men and women should live and what occupations they should have, for example. Disney movies portray the ideal lives of men and women, they often show the â€Å"happily ever after† ending, and they shape children’s images of what is expected of them, as they grow older. There is such a large focus on the personal lives of characters in Disney movies. The ideal man and women are represented with ideal jobs and lives. It is very common for the girls or women to be shown in a position of a princess or a homemaker. This is the case in all of the Disney princess movies. Snow White lives in a home with seven male dwarfs, cooks, cleans and takes care of all of them, and is happy whilst doing all of this (England et al.  2011: 563). As feminist discourses seek into every day life, this is no longer the â€Å"typical† job of a woman and girls should not base their understanding of social norms off of this. It seems that in many of these films women are basically treated as objects that go from the possession of their father to a beautiful prince that they hardly know. It is also common for female characters to be portrayed as submissive to the male characters, which very often display forceful behaviors. In the movie Beauty and the Beast, the Beast abuses Belle, as he not only rips her family apart, but also abuses her (England et al.  2011: 562). The whole big part of this story is that she returns to him even in spite of his rage and abuse. She reinterprets his rage as vulnerability and temper and falls in love with him. This is not a message that should be sent to children. These movies basically tell children to overlook the violence and abuse because being loved matters much more (Sun. 2011). These are just a few examples of the typical portrayals of the social norms in movies, but another example of something that Disney movies all end with is the â€Å"happily ever after†. No matter what these characters go through or what obstacles are presented, Disney movies all seem to end in one particular way. And that is with a â€Å"happily ever after† ending. This is something that all girls look forward to from a young age. These movies represent it to be a social norm but in reality, that is not the case (Ross. 2004: 60). All the Disney princess movies end with the princess and the prince, or the hero, running off together happily. The female characters in the movies risk so much just to be with their â€Å"Prince Charming†. In The Little Mermaid, Ariel gives up her beautiful voice to be able to walk on land, and after that she still needs to impress the man she loves. Ariel uses her body to do this so the Prince will fall in love with her (Sun. 2011). Another example is Cinderella, one of the most popular Disney princesses, who is transformed and relies on her beauty to win her prince over, just so she can be loved (Sperry. 2007: 718). All the princesses just want to live happily with their princes. These movies are teaching young girls that they have to rely on men to be happy and they are also teaching young boys that they should be the powerful ones that girls look up to, to live cheerful lives. Through Disney movies, children’s images of who and what they should strive to be when they are older are shaped. Even such messages as a happy ending give off the idea of perfection to be the norm in children’s lives. It is common for boys to want to grow up being successful and making a lot of lot of money while also finding the perfect girl to marry (Choueiti et al. 2010: 775). It is common for girls to want to be caretakers of both children and their husbands and have that ideal family. Social norms are a large part of the societies we live in, and to have them shaped and molded into something so narrow like what is shown in Disney movies does not allow children to create their own dreams and aspirations to the fullest potential. It hinds their capabilities to strive for something else other then what is described as perfection, or what their gender is portrayed as. The gender roles that are portrayed in Disney movies are really important as our youth is heavily affected by what is shown in the media. The persuasiveness of the films sends very stereotypical messages to children about gender role portrayals that influence children’s beliefs about gender and sexuality, behavior and social norms. Viewing Disney films can have an impact on developing such attitudes and beliefs about gender as they portray the ideal appearance, characteristics and social norms associated with males and females. They also include messages that are unrealistic but still believable to young children, so that they continue to strive to achieve what these messages tell them. As well as representing the ideal male and female and sending negative messages, Disney movies shape children’s images of who they should strive to be. Though Disney films are entertaining and do instill some good values, many of the messages that children receive can do them more harm then good in the long run. The full impact of these skewed portrayals and representations in Disney movies is not known, but it is certain that these gender stereotypes may have serious consequences for children’s understanding of gender role portrayals in the societies they live in (Choueiti et al. 2010: 774).

The Ethics Of Abortion Essay Example For Students

The Ethics Of Abortion Essay Matchmaker.com: Sign up now for a free trial. Date Smarter!The Ethics Of AbortionAbortion is a very controversial subjectthat has been continually argued over for the past few years and probablymany years to come. The main controversy is should abortion be legalized?First before we get into the many sides of abortion we must first defineabortion. Abortion is the destruction of the fetus or unborn child whilethe child is still in the mothers womb. This can be done by almost anyonefrom the mother herself to back alley abortions and even to abortions byclinics set up especially for this purpose. There are two sides to thisabortion topic the PRO-LIFE which is those who are against abortion altogetherand the PRO- CHOICE or those who believe it is the womans right to chooseif she wants to have an abortion. These two groups offer different solutionsto problem. The pro-life solution is to have the child and basically livewith it. They believe abortion is not an answer. The pro-choice solutio nis abortion because of reasons they feel are appropriate. Although abortionis morally and ethically wrong should it be legal for victims of rape orincest who have no other alternative?There is no real answer to this controversy,there are two sides to it though which have been arguing for many yearsover the subject. The first is the pro-life group. This group does notbelieve in the abortion factor. To understand where the pro-life standswe must first understand its beliefs and reasons for its beliefs. Thenwe can discuss what their solution to the abortion topic is. We will write a custom essay on The Ethics Of Abortion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Pro-life believes that rape and incestare very emotional topics. They often elicit throughout the populationfeelings of revulsion; people draw back from the issue of rape and incest. People dont know how to handle a person who is in that much pain. Thereis no quick fix. That is why it is difficult for even pro-life people tocome to grips with the argument over abortion in cases of rape and incest.Some of those who are pro-life will allowabortion in these cases because they dont know what else they can do forthe victim and except it as a rare case. But it is known that allowingabortion in these cases usually does not help the victim, instead it onlyworsens the problem because the victims needs are not being met. But what the facts suggest is that onlya minority of rape and incest victims actually choose abortion. This iswhere pro-life has its biggest problem. Pro-life states that Abortionis not usually chosen as the immediate solution for rape and incest victimsbut that is the prevailing belief of the general population. A woman hasbeen raped and made pregnant: Oh, shes got to have an abortion. No onehas studied the rape and incest victims needs; abortion is presumed tofill her needs.Various studies and research indicate thatrape and incest victims fall into a high-risk category of abortion. Butwhat happens after a victim has an abortion? Jackie Baker a victim states:I soon discovered that the aftermath of my abortion continued a long timeafter the memory of my rape had faded. I felt empty and horrible. Nobodytold me about the emptiness and pain I would feel deep within causing nightmaresand deep depressions. They all told me that after the abortion I couldcontinue with my life as if nothing ever happened. (Reardon 21- 22) Thisis the story we hear from a lot of aborted women. Today in our societyit is believed by most people that it is the womans fault just as muchas the mans fault, if not more. many people think women are responsiblefor contributing to the rape itself. Then the rape victims feel self-blameand guilt. And even then a rape or incest victims family members or closefriends may reinforce these negative feelings. Or they drop the problembecause they dont know how to talk about it. We even see the same thing in the abortionexperience. When a person becomes pregnant because of rape or incest thereis a permanent symbol of the rape, at least until it is aborted. Womenwho have had abortions fear being rejected by God and loved ones. It isa very traumatic experience which takes time. The fact is that you arereally telling your loved ones of a death in the family. Opinion polls have shown for years thatwomen are more against abortion than men are. The women led the oppositionof abortion. In 1983 a Los Angelos Times poll found that only 47% of women(compared with 51% of men) favored the general availability of abortion.(Pro Life Feminism: Pro-Woman, Pro-Life 6) So what is this telling us?The facts are very clear men prefer abortion over women by a large percent. And most women do not agree with abortion. So why does it still exist today?What pro-life feels is really happeningis that in our society today abortion is becoming the solution to carelessness. Abortion does nothing to help the victims rape, and that is the problemthey are trying to address in the first place. Instead abortion encouragesthe victim to vent their anger out on others. .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c , .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c .postImageUrl , .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c , .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c:hover , .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c:visited , .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c:active { border:0!important; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c:active , .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u44944dcad43f36f173c0ef8f7b4d449c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Rosa parks EssayPro-life also believes that child birthon the other hand can be a victory. For those victims who chose childbirthover abortion it can be a triumph. It can state that the victim is notgoing to let rape destroy her life. When the needs of pregnant victimsis closely examined it can be shown that abortion is not the answer andis in fact only worsening the problem. (Reardon 21-22)But the worst strain abortion has on thevictim is mental strain. Many victims become confused and overwhelmed byfeelings they thought they would never have, and dont know what to do. After having an abortion victims thought they had solved the problem butin fact they had really just started a whole new one. Many victims beganthinking there was something wrong with them and began to doubt themselvesin situations that they would normally be sure of themselves. Others plungeinto deep depressions which they dont come out of for weeks at end. Thisis one of the worst side effects of having an abortion and most women dontrealize it will happen to them because they are too busy trying to correctthe immediate problem.. Pro-life persons dont have any reasonto be ashamed to defend pro-life view in the case of rape and incest. Theyfeel the ones who should be ashamed are the pro-abortionists who have beenexploiting the problems of the victims. Pro-choice has a different view to thiswhole abortion controversy. Pro-choice believes that it is the personsright to have an abortion if they want to and that no one should interferewith that right. Pro-choice has many reasons for feeling this way. Firstlets talk about who has abortions and why they have abortions. There are1.6 million abortions in the United States every year, there is no realspecial class of people who have abortions. Why does pro-choice feel that abortionis all right? Well pro-choice believes that the answer is what the womanbelieves. The most common reason for abortions is when contraception fails. What is a person suppose to do when the birth control method fails? Thefact is that contraceptive failure led to 1.6 to 2 million of the 3.3 millionunwanted pregnancies in the United States in 1987. These pregnancies accountfor about half of the 1.5 million abortions performed every year. Besidesthese reasons for abortion women also give researchers other reasons forgetting an abortion. In 1987 a survey of 1,900 women at 30 abortionfacilities were asked, why do women have abortions? The women could giveas many reasons as they wanted, and most of the women responded with oneor more of these top six reasons:1. Concerned about how having a baby couldchange her life, 92 percent. 2. Not mature enough or too young to havea child, 81 percent. 3. Cant afford baby now, 73 percent. 4. Doesnt want others to know she hadsex or is pregnant, 42 percent. 5. Has relationship problems and doesntwant to be a single parent, 37 percent. 6. Unready for responsibility, 33 percent. There have been many studies done on smallergroups that expressed the exact same reasons for having an abortion. Olderwomen were more likely to say that their families were complete while youngerwomen said that a baby would interfere with education, career, and personalfreedom. At any age women say they have too many responsibilities and notenough money to take care of a baby. The reasons for which the public is approvingof abortions is not always the reason of the person who wants to have anabortion. Women do not have abortions because of rape, incest, deformedfetuses, or because their physical life is in danger. But these are thebest reasons accepted by the public. Being poor, too young, unmarried,and not wanting a baby are the most unpopular reasons for having an abortionand are looked down upon by the public. Pro-choice feels the main reasonfor abortions is because contraception failed and they didnt want to havea baby at the time. What are some of the benefits to havingan abortion. Well the most obvious one is the abortion itself. First ofall pro-choice wants to make it clear where they stand. They believe infirst time abortions. This is usually because of contraceptive reasonsor maturity, but where they draw the line is at third or fourth time abortions. This is because although they think abortion should be legal they believethat is a little extreme and may be a solution to a bad habit. But the big benefits of having an abortioncan be seen right away is relief. The feeling most women have after havingan abortion is relief. A 44-year-old psychologist with three children hadan illegal abortion at 18 and a legal abortion at 28. Both times she primarilyfelt relieved for herself and all the family members for whom she was responsible.Another example is a newly married 27-year-old elementary school teacherhad two abortions at age 18 and 21. She felt the same relief as the psychologist.There have been many studies that researched what the primary reactionto having an abortion was. One study done by Kaiser Permanent in northernCalifornia asked women subscribers how they felt about their abortions. The most common answer was relief. Abortion also leads to safer contraception. .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 , .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 .postImageUrl , .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 , .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134:hover , .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134:visited , .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134:active { border:0!important; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134:active , .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134 .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0e34ddaa72a811dbf93fc0c494dfd134:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Psychological Insights into Parenting Styles EssayAfter a person has to go through an abortion because of a failure in contraceptionit is found that from then on the couple is much more cautious about safe-sex. It is found that almost all of the 742 low-income women who received abortionsin 1970-1971 at the State University Hospital in Syracuse, New York, intendedto use contraception in the future, an attitude that was even strongerafter their abortions. Perhaps the abortion is actually a lesson in life. Another positive impact is maturity. Howmight a person mature because of their abortion experience. Well the mostobvious example of maturity is after an abortion the aborted person usuallychanges their bad habits. This could be anything from safe-sex to everydaythings like listening to others. This may not have been the case beforethe abortion. When people were asked how they felt about themselves afterthe abortion many of them responded by saying they felt more mature. Itcaused them to reevaluate their behavior, their lives and their future. Others felt they were freer and stronger. Two benefactors to having an abortionis increased self-image, self-esteem, and increased psychological health.It is said that an abortion usually changes a womans uncertain self-imageinto a good self-image. The average woman gets back the self before shegot pregnant and sometimes a little more. It is also said that it can increaseyour psychological health. Can this really be? Pro-choice states thata woman is damaged by abortion, but pro- choice women state that is notso and it actually benefited them.Pro-Choice also believes that it is themoral right for a person to be able to control their own body whether itis having a baby or destroying it. They feel it is the womans right tobe able to do what she wants with herself and what she has created. Pro-Choicealso argues that at the stage where abortion is done the fetus is not reallya human being therefore it is like you are not destroying anything. Itis merely biological and really does not exist until further stages. This is the reasons why pro-choice is arguingfor the legalization of abortion. They feel that the increase in more maturewomen after abortion, safer-sex, increased mental health, and increasedself-esteem and self-image are good enough reasons for legalizing abortion. After researching about abortion the solutionthat I find best fit to the abortion controversy is that although abortionis morally and ethically wrong there is no real alternatives for thosewho are victims of rape or incest. That is why the best solution to thiscontroversy is to legalize abortion for those who are victims of theseawful crimes. Although pro-life and victims of rape andincest state that abortion adds to the pain of these crimes there is noother real solution. Most victims would agree that it would be better tosuffer through the pain of abortion than to have to live with a deformedchild or even worse a child that is not really your own as a product ofrape or incest. Victims of these crimes also report feeling dirty, guilty,sexually violated, etc But is that as bad as having to be constantlyreminded of the traumatic experience you went through everyday you seeyour child? Your child is a victim too!But the most obvious reason is the factthat a victim of rape or incest was violated against her will. She didnot ask for it, and does not deserve it. She should not then have to dealwith the child if she does not want to because it may lead to further complicationsfor the victim and child. By further complications I mean mentally, physically,and emotionally. Many victims often go through long periods of depressionwhe n they are forced to keep the child because it often stirs unwantedmemories. This is why abortion should be allowed or legal for those unfortunatefew who have no other choice but to have an abortion or live with thisgreat burden. Abortion on the other hand should not belegal for all. When a person chooses to have sex she is taking a chance. This she does of her own free will, and she has control over what she isdoing. This is the total opposite of the rape victim. If a person decidesto have sex whether it is safe or not, what happens after that is her responsibilityas well as his. And if you are going to chose to participate in this riskyand unsafe practice then you must be ready to pay the consequences. I also believe that a fetus is still achild contradictory to the beliefs of the Pro-Choice. I think that whentwo people create something like a child, even if it is as small as a fetusit should still be considered a child because it is a living breathingorganism made by the two people. I think that even a fetus has rights toa good life, love and happiness no matter how small it is and no one shouldbe able to take that away from him. Therefore my solution to the abortion problemis it should be legal for only those who are victims of rape or incestif they so chose to have an abortion. But should be illegal for those whoare not victims because they chose to do what they did and they must dealwith what they have created.

Panera Bread Business

Panera Bread Business Company Background Founded in 1981 by Ron Shaich and Louis Kane, the famous Panera Bread Company started operating under the brand name Au Bon Pain Co. Inc. It first grew along the United States’ east coast before it was internationalized between early 1980’s to 1990’s. This immense growth had the implication of making the company a dominant business operator in the category of bakery-cafe. In 1993, Au Bon Pain Co. Inc. bought St.Louis Bread Company. At the time of this acquiring, St.Louis Bread Company had 20 bakery cafes. In 1993 to 1997, the company recorded an increment of 75 percent in its mean unit volumes. This prompted the alteration of the brand name from Au Bon Pain Co. Inc. to Panera Bread Company. In 1997, the Panera Bread Company recognized its capacity for growth to become a leading bread maker in the United States. However, to achieve this noble potential, heavy investment of monetary resources was required.Advertising We will write a custo m case study sample on Panera Bread Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Indeed, in 1999, the company completed a transaction involving a sale of the business units of Au Bon Pain Co., Inc. only remaining with those of the Panera Bread Company. With regard to Panera Bread, after the completion of this transaction, â€Å"the companys stock has grown thirteen-fold, and over $1 billion shareholder value has been created† (Para. 5). The company acquired the title of the best performer under the category of restaurants with 1, 5, and 10-year shareholders’ returns. Later, in 2007, Panera Bread Company also purchased paradise bakery and cafe. As Panera Bread points out, â€Å"in March 2012, the company announced that Bill Moreton and Ron Shaich would both assume the roles of chief executive officers† (Para. 2). Currently, Shaich acts as the co-CEO and the chairperson of the board of directors. On the other hand, Bill Moret on is the co-CEO and the president of Panera Bread Company. As at September 2012, the company had established business presence in 44 states where it operated 1,625 bakeries. SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis involves strategic planning approaches engineered to evaluate strengths, limitations, and opportunities without negating threats that businesses face in their operation environment. Strengths are the traits that make it possible for an organization to have an advantage in comparison to other organizations. For the case of Panera Bread Company, the strengths include appealing and attractive food menus that comprise a variety of products from which customers can choose. According to Panera Bread Company Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, these products include â€Å"fresh baked goods, made-to-order sandwiches on freshly baked breads, soups, salads, custom roasted coffees, and other complementary products† (10). Due to the company’s strong financial position, it has managed to invest in cozy cafes, which create a smoothing environment for the customers. This has the impact of making the company build a strong customers’ experience.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The strength is implied in the company’s statement of goals, missions, and aims in which it stipulates that the central goal is to ensure that Panera Bread Company is the first choice of all customers who crave for sandwiches, soup, and salads. In addition to these strengths, the company has an enormous distribution ability covering a large geographic area (44 states as of Septembers 2012). It has products having relatively better quality while compared to its competitors. It has differentiated its services with the rival companies besides accumulating customers’ beliefs that the company stocks fresh breads. Besides, it has developed a powerful and win ning business strategy. Amid the above-cited strengths, Panera Bread Company encounters some weaknesses. These include the traits of Panera Bread Company that place it at a disadvantage in comparison with rival companies operating in the same industry. One of the weaknesses is the heavy investments in bread centric line of business, which means that Panera Bread Company has a narrow product line. Other weaknesses are higher prices at the company-owned stores in comparison to the franchises, declining customer service, and customer preferences. In particular, alterations of preferences and customer tastes may make them consider opting for buying more nutritious food items in other restaurants. Contextualization of this weakness introduces some chances that the company may consider as existing external chances, which, while utilized, may make it improve its performance. They include international expansions and opening of new outlets to tap the growth potential within the suburban mar kets. The fact that the company has a weakness of narrow product line introduces an opportunity for introduction of new items in the product line. On the other hand, Panera Bread Company encounters external chances that impair its performance. These are threats to the operation of the company. They include lawsuits, government regulations, and competition from rival companies such as Sturbucks and Mc Donald among other local and international restaurants offering fast foods. In the context of lawsuits and drawing from Panera Bread Company Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the company admits that it is â€Å"subjected to other routine legal proceedings, claims, and litigations in the ordinary course of its business† (10).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Panera Bread Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This requires heavy commitment of financial resources and management attention. Saturation of the mark et creates another incredible threat. The company would encounter challenges in getting strategic places for opening new outlets consistent with its strategic plan of enhancing profitability through rapid expansion. Strategies to attack major problems faced by Panera Bread Panera Bread Company encounters several problems in the derivation of its strategic plans to enhance a continuous growth in an environment that is saturated by a variety of companies offering similar or substitute products. One of the problems of the company is that it offers products in its company-owned stores at prices that are higher than the franchises. A significant reason for these differences is the need to gain higher profit margins to cater for the costs of running the business-associated issues that are extrinsic from the control of the company such as the cost of settlement of lawsuits filed against the company by past employees. For instance, in 2009, Nick Sotoudeh filed a case costing the company 5 m illion dollars in its settlement (Panera Bread Company Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q 2 4). In 2010, Corey Weiner, Caroll Ruiz, and Denarius Lewis filed another case against the company costing 1.5 million dollars in its resolution (Panera Bread Company Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q 2 4). To meet this cost to ensure that Panera Bread Company is able to offer bread at its own stores at competitive prices, it is crucial that the company results to intensive growth. On the positive side, growth is vital since it will provide the necessary economies of scale. This means that the company will remain profitable amid making small profit margins for every product sold. The negative side of this strategic move qualifies as a technique of enhancing growth such as forming joint ventures with other big competitors such as McDonald who will deprive the company of its executive control power. Panera Bread Company is likely to experience the problem of reduced profitability due to narrow product li nes. To resolve this problem, it is crucial that it focuses on widening its product lines. This strategic move will, on the positive side, help in drawing more customers to its stores. Hence, the revenue will also hike. On the other hand, the strategic move will increase the logistical costs and other costs associated with service delivery at the stores. Therefore, under certain circumstances, increment in revenues would be outweighed by the resulting additional costs.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Somewhat different from the above two strategic moves, to address the challenge of how to increase revenues, the company can resolve to recruit more franchises besides opening more stores that are company-owned. On the positive end, this would increase revenues. On the other hand, increasing the number of company-owned stores would truncate into recruiting more staff, a case that increases the risk of experiencing more employees’ filed lawsuits. Another strategy that has not perhaps been considered by the company is focusing on extending its services away from America and Canada to other continents of the world. On the positive side, this would increase the sales of the company since being global implies meeting new fresh markets in which the company can develop products consistent with the demand requirements. Unfortunately, the option would expose the company to different political, legal, and cultural environments. Consequently, Panera Bread Company would have to change so me of its practices to match the new demand. For instance, there might be a conflict between the accounting standards. The company deploys the U.S’ GAAP, which might contradict the national generally accepted accounting principles of the new nations in the global space. Strategy that works With the current financial and business environment of the Panera Bread, the best option for dealing with the challenge of the need to increase profitability of the company is via recruitment of more franchises besides opening company- owned stores within Canada and America. Hence, I would open 300 new company-owned stores and franchises at the first phase of expansion of Panera Bread Company. The rationale for this strategy is based on the argument that, as evidenced by the estimations of good will in its balance sheet, the company has an immense market value. Additionally, in comparison to potential competing companies, Panera Bread Company has an incredible market position by virtue of i ts strengths. However, as argued before, the market is highly saturated with restaurants. Hence, there is a dominant challenge of acquiring buildings in strategic places within many cities where the company may consider as having the requisite market segment it targets. Additionally, at the entry level, many of these competing restaurants have the will and ability to pose competitive challenges to the company at the new franchises and or company-owned stores since they will have secured their market share. However, given the brand image and the quality of products and services offered by Panera Bread, the company has probabilities of getting some of this market share to build the clientele level at the new stores and franchises. The claim holds especially when it invests to improve its service delivery experience to levels above those of the existing restaurants in the new markets. Utilizing the strategy of growth through recruitment of more franchises and company-owned stores is pa rticularly significant in enhancing Panera Bread Company’s competitive position since it will make it develop the capacity to take a full advantage of the economies of scale. At the current size of Panera Bread Company, attempts to exploit the markets of all continents of the world are found unworthy due to many standards and legal compliance issues, which go into adding the cost of running the company. Implementation of the strategy In the implementation of the strategy of recruiting more franchises and opening of new company-operated stores, several considerations are vital before the implementation process kicks off. In the first place, this strategy needs financing. It is thus vital to consider whether the financial position of the company and the anticipated incomes can support the strategy. If not, it is critical to consider whether there are alternative sources of finance. Fortunately, with regard to Panera Bread Annual Report on Form 10-K, the company charges a  "franchise fee of $35,000 per bakery-cafe (of which it generally receives $5,000 at the signing of the ADA and $30,000 at or before the bakery-cafe opening)† (4). By noting that Panera Bread Company does not support the construction of the franchises, the money raised through the fees is utilizable in opening of the additional company-owned stores. According to Panera Bread Annual Report on Form 10-K, the company also has accessibility to a loan facility of 250 million dollars as an additional source of capital (3). Similar to the old food dealers like Mc Donald, the implementation of the strategy proposed above means the focus would entail opening a store or franchise and then waiting for the customer to do the purchasing. Based on the experience he or she gains with the product, he or she becomes loyal and hence a regular customer. Therefore, the strategy is customer-centric. For the success of such a strategy, it is crucial that an organization possesses the capability to p enetrate new markets. It should develop services and products, which create an immense appeal to the customers besides possessing the capacity to offer outstanding customer services (Wheelen and Hunger 851). Fortunately, these are some of the strengths of Panera Bread Company. With these strengths, the challenges in the implementation process rests in the development of customer-centric growth strategies in the new company-owned stores and franchises. I would accomplish the implementation of the strategy from three customer-centric paradigms. These are identification of core business, creation of propositions that have high value and impacts, and focusing on businesses that are highly linked to the core business of the company. Determination of the core business of the new stores starts with the identification of the core business that will be conducted in the stores and the franchises. In other words, expansion through the opening of new stores and franchises is not done blindly bu t rather with considerations of geographic areas and channels that would help to generate the highest amount of revenues. Therefore, before the company’s financial resources are committed to opening and subsequent running of the stores, profitability benchmarking and evaluation of the reputation of the company within the new geographical areas are necessary. In this approach, the stakeholders of the company are fully involved in the implementation process. Some of the stakeholders that I would include are non-loyal and loyal customers of the existing stores. The views of the loyal customers on why they embrace the products of the company are critical success factors of the strategy implementation. They would help in incorporating the attributes of the company that attract them in the new stores and franchises. On the other hand, the views of the disloyal customers create opportunities of establishing new stores that have improved customer service experience. This would help t o avoid replication of the past mistakes in the new franchises and stores. Arguably, this step of implementation of the project involves planning and analysis stage. It would take six months and an estimated cost of $ 210, 000. The second implementation step is the creation of propositions that have high values and impacts on the sub-segments of the potential customers. Based on the results of the first step discussed above, sub-segmentation of the customers’ groups in the new franchises and stores based on the found needs and anticipated buying patterns coupled with the profit contributions of the forecasted sales are vital in setting of a mechanism of reaping most from the new markets. This mechanism encompasses creation and innovation of value propositions targeting the sub-segments that are likely to be most attractive. This step is followed by conducting a field test of the impacts of the propositions. Based on the results of the field tests, scaling up is done. This ste p of the implementation process of the strategy is the analysis phase of the project. It is anticipated to take about 3-31/2 months. Its budget is $1 million. Most of this money caters for the wage expenses of analysts and data collection staff. Lastly, there is a need to focus on businesses that are highly linked to the core business of the company. The need implies that, after conducting a number of field tests and analyzing the potential of the success of the growth strategy, the next course of action will be to channel the resources of the company to open stores and accept franchise requests in areas that are likely to have large clientele. The point here is that there is no need of investing in an area where no substantive sales can be made to make the stores break even in the shortest time possible. Thus, the idea is to open stores selectively depending on the competitiveness of the market segments and sub-segments. Conclusion/Evaluation of Strategy’s success Upon imple mentation of the growth strategy, it is crucial to evaluate its success capacity. In the context of the proposed strategy for solving the problems of the Panera Bread Company, success refers to the accomplishment of the predicted outcomes when the strategy is implemented. The desired outcome is the increment of the revenue levels of the new stores and franchises such that the stores would be able to break even in the shortest time possible. On the other hand, it is desired that the new franchises end up being profitable so that Panera Bread Company can get substantive royalties. Measuring success calls for the evaluation of the strategy on its capacity to realize the core objective of the company. Measuring success in the context of the strategy for growth of the Panera Bread Company takes six approaches. In the first place, the strategy is implemented within fixed timelines. Therefore, one of the measurable success factors is whether the various time schedules for the strategy impl ementation were accomplished within the set timeframes. The other success factor is the degree to which the scope of the growth strategy has been released. The original plan is to open 300 stores and franchises. Thus, success is measured in terms of the number of the new company-owned stores and franchises opened. Thirdly, the implementation of the strategy must be consistent with the set budget. Consequently, the degree of success of the strategy is measurable from the context of the degree to which the implemented strategy complies with the budget constraints. Fourthly, it was argued in the implementation section that the overall goal of the strategy is to focus on opening stores in regions that will attract large clientele only who would get loyalty based on the company’s products. Thus, success may be measured from the dimension of the degree of customers’ loyalty, which is measurable through customers’ satisfaction levels. Unfortunately, satisfaction is onl y measurable qualitatively (either happy or unhappy). A subtle strategy of organizational growth needs to reduce the weakness and threats of an organization within the new operational centers. For this purpose, SWOT analysis is vital in determining whether the threats and weaknesses of the old stores and franchises have been replicated in the new geographical locations of the Panera Bread company-owned stores and franchises. Lastly, the success of the strategy may be measured in terms of the improvements of service quality in the new company-owned stores and franchises. Therefore, the growth sort for Panera Bread Company is not only in terms of numbers of stores and franchises but also in terms of increased quality service delivery in every new company-owned store or franchise that opens. Measuring success this way is inspired by the argument that learning organizations stand better chances of success than those, which do not learn. Panera Bread Annual Report on Form 10-K. Annual R eport Pursuant To Section 13 Or 15(D) Of The Securities Exchange Act Of 1934 For The Fiscal Year Ended December 27, 2011. Web. Panera Bread Company Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Quarterly Report Pursuant To Section 13 Or 15(D) of the Securities Exchange Act Of 1934 For the quarterly period ended September 25, 2012. Web. Panera Bread. Company Overview. Web. Wheelen, Thomas, and David Hunger. Strategic Management and business policy. New Jersey, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2007. Print.

Interpretive Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Interpretive Strategies - Essay Example This has been considered as a wonderful mix of communication principles. For this purpose, the person who interprets should have basic working knowledge. The working knowledge should be about; journalism, marketing, psychology, non formal and adult education theory and presentation, business management and finances, reservation and tourism planning/ principles, media planning and design principles (John A. Veverka, 2006). The interpretive techniques and principles can be observed when we see an advertisement, magazine, television or a movie. The interpretation will depend on the reality used in the techniques of interpretation. The understanding of an interpreters about the knowledge and the view of the visitors will be helpful in the success of the interpretation. This cannot be termed as the truth in the interpretation. In the aforementioned context, the view expressed about interpretation is that the one which follows the views of the visitors. The truth lies in the interpretation if the interpreters consider the memory, recreational learning and learning experience of the visitors. This consideration of the interpreters may result in the truth in the interpretation. The learning of the visitor from the interpretation can be in the form of fun also. The methods like coin collecting, model making, studying aspects of history, bird watching etc. is involved with recreational learning. The persons learn from interpretation because they want to discover the pleasure of learning in the interpretation. Part 1 3. System Area Plan The system area considered here is information. It can be presented in many forms and as a result was selected as system area. The presentation of information may be straight facts, figures and dates, analyses and stories. A guide provides information to tourists almost without interpretation. A Writer provides information to the readers with information. For example, the environmental education in the form of a program or exhibit can be presented in either an informational instructional approach. These need interpretive approach. In all the above mentioned conditions, the communication nature of the interpretation should be taken into consideration. The education due to interpretation occurs, when the recipient receives the message and understands it. After that it needs the remembrance. The way of communication and the nature of interpretation also will regulate remembrance. The interpretation regarding the sensitive aspects of the human nature will make them remember the informati on conveyed for a long time. The listeners do not remember the information, if they do not understand the information conveyed. Though interpretation needs the resources, it is not resource specific. It can be considered as objective driven and audience focused process. It looks for results after using the marketing and advertising techniques. This can be termed as interpretation communication strategy. The communication need to provoke curiosity, attention and interest in the listeners or the learners. The absence of attention will not make them to stop before an exhibit. The strategy must be in a manner to provoke and create attention. For provoking and creating, the interpreter must think about the reasons the visitor wants information. The answer to the questions that arise by that thinking

Persuasion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Persuasion - Essay Example Under such circumstances, it is likely that the other person will be willing to reciprocate and do something in return. Hoy and Smith (2007) observe that people who are engaged in such a relationship usually use words such as, â€Å"oh yes! I am ready to assist. I know you will also assist when my time comes†. Such a person creates the sense of a future commitment for the person who has received the assistance. In other words, it can be inferred that a person who can not reciprocate immediately or in future may not be able to persuade others whenever he needs assistance. Under such perspective, people will say for example that â€Å"Assisting him is useless. He can not assist anyone in need†. This has helped in developing a sense of togetherness in the society today, since people are always ready to assist in order for them to be assisted in future. On the other hand, a person may ask for a favor in order to do something. Under such circumstances, the one who wants to influence the other is compelled to offer what has been requested in order to persuade the other to perform a particular task (Goldstein et al 2008). For example, a person may be requested to be sent for a far away mission to perform a particular task over several months in the place of work. The DIF persuasive strategy applies when the person asks for the first favor in order to give in to the request, such as, â€Å"Promise to take care of my kid for the months I will be away†. The management may not be willing to undertake this request due to the complexity involved, but it is not ridiculous. However, upon the first offer being declared impossible, the person may make a second request, such as, â€Å"then give me one week off duty to look for a person to care of the kid†. This offer is practicable for the management, and the person is allowed the short leave after which he promises to come back and undertake the responsibility as requested. The second

Project financing and risk management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Project financing and risk management - Essay Example The risk teams work extremely hard to help to maintain the reputation as well as financial performance of the NCB Jamaica Ltd ? and also ensure that the bank functions responsibly and assists the business to grow in a meaningful and sustainable way. As corporate responsibility has turned out to be the ‘buzzword’ in the banking business, banks are being forced to enthusiastically engage in providing to sustainable development? given their intermediate position in the financial system. The primary objective of this study is to recognize various risks? particularly the strategic risks faced by the banking industry and how to mitigate them. Strategic risk take place from the inability of an institution to execute suitable business plans and strategies, resource allocation after making apt decisions and its incapability to adjust to the changes occurring in its business environment. It is very important for banks to be serious in improving, measuring and reporting their risks as well as goals and objectives of their organization? as they will ultimately be bound to fight on benchmarking with competitors. 2. Introduction and Background. Jamaica is the third major island in Caribbean. National Commercial Bank Jamaica Ltd. (NCB Jamaica) is Jamaica's major provider of the financial services with 37.5% marketplace share by assets of the profitable banking sector. NCB offers a wealth of financial services in the course of its network of 42 locations and more than 170 ABMs island wide. These services consist of savings accounts and chequing, facilities of the credit card, commercial and personal loans, insurance, and wealth management. National Commercial Bank Jamaica Limited, jointly with its subsidiaries, offers different financial banking and products and services primarily in Jamaica. â€Å"National Commercial Bank Jamaica Limited reported consolidated earnings results for the fourth quarter and year ended September 30, 2012. For the quarter, the company reported net profit of JMD 2,685,498,000 or JMD 1.10 per basic and diluted share compared to net profit of JMD 4,616,324,000 or JMD 1.87 per basic and diluted share a year ago†. http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=20357150 The First Caribbean International Bank is a major Caribbean banking unit with assets in excess of US $9.5 billion and it is the second major institution among public traded financial organizations in the area with a market capitalization of above US $2 billion. The fundamental strategic principle of NCB Jamaica philosophy includes taking into account the interest of the stakeholders, customers, employees and their satisfaction. Strategic risk is a function of: †¢ A bank’s strategic aims †¢ Strategies of business developed in order to accomplish the goals †¢ Resources set up in search of these aims and the superiority of implementation †¢ Resources required accomplishing both tangible and intangible business strategies It consists of channels for communication, delivery networks, managerial capacities and capabilities and operating systems. The internal characteristics of an organization must be assessed against the impact of competitive, technological, economic, and regulatory and the other environmental changes. Strategic risk may occur due to several factors. â€Å"The primary risk to inflation in the 2011/12 financial year is the exchange rate and the pass through effect on prices if there is accelerated depreciation.

The History And Background Of Yahoo Marketing Essay

The History And Background Of Yahoo Marketing Essay A company symbol is regarded as a unique mark or design that identifies a certain firm. In most cases, a company symbol tends to be more important than the assets of a company when it comes to the companys identification by the public. All of the international as well as regional business firms, including Yahoo, tend to have their specific company symbols, which helps them for public identification. For instance, the company symbol for Yahoo is Yahoo! (Mortensen p25). The key executives of Yahoo are committed business individuals who ensure that the firm runs smoothly in the business fraternity. Yahoos key executives include Marissa Mayer who is the Chief Executive Officer, the President, as well as the Director of the company. David Filo is the Co-Founder and Chief of Yahoo!. Kenneth Goldman holds the key position of the Chief Financial Officer. Ron Brachman is the Chief Scientist and Head of Yahoo! Labs. Finally, there is Henrique De Castro who holds the position of Chief Operating Officer at Yahoo! (Snell p31). Yahoo is an American internet corporation, which has its headquarters in Sunnyvale California. The firm was found by two individuals, David Filo and Jerry Yang, in 1994, and was incorporated in the business world in March the year 1995. Yahoo tends to generate its revenue from the display of text-based links to advertisers Websites, which is regarded as search advertising, from the display of graphical advertisements, which is regarded as display advertising, as well as from other relevant sources (Snell p33). As an internet corporation, Yahoo offers a number of products and services to its esteemed customers. The company has a strong technology and insights that helps it in the delivery of digital content and experiences across the globe and communication devices. The firm tends to provide online services and properties to its users, as well as marketing services aimed to connect with Yahoo! users. This is done through a distribution of network of third party entities. Through its search engine, Yahoo! Search, and its web portal, the firm provides services such as advertising, Yahoo! Mail, Yahoo! Finance, Yahoo! Directory, fantasy sports, online mapping, social media website, Yahoo! News, as well as Yahoo! Groups. The firm has properties, which are tailored to users in certain international markets. The properties include social networking websites (Meme and Wretch), and Yahoo! Homepage (Mortensen p69). The services offered to users of Yahoo are divided under three categories. The categories include Media, Communications and Communities as well as Search and Marketplaces. Under the Communications and Communities category, the firm offers Yahoo! Messenger, Flickr, Yahoo! Answers, Yahoo! Mail, Connected TV, and Yahoo! Groups. Services offered under this particular category enable the users to organize themselves in groups and share photos, common interests, as well as knowledge (Snell p47). The Search and Marketplaces category tends to answer the information needs of the users through the search results pages and across Yahoo!. The search offerings of the company include Yahoo! Local, and Yahoo! Search. These offerings are free of charge for the users and help them discover new content on the internet. On the other hand, the Marketplaces offerings include Yahoo! Small Business, Yahoo! Real Estate, Yahoo! Travel, Yahoo! Shopping, and Yahoo! Autos. With these properties, the company enables users to research and review specific topics or fields of interest and exchange information with parties of similar interest (Snell p49). The final category is the Media whose services are tend to engage the Yahoo users with online services and content especially on the web. The services provided under this category are free of charge to the users. Services provided include My Yahoo!, Yahoo! Finance, Yahoo! Homepage, Yahoo! Toolbar, Yahoo! News, Yahoo! Entertainment, Yahoo! Sports, and Yahoo! Contributor Network (Snell p48). In the internet business, Yahoo tends to have a number of competitors who keep the company on toes in terms of performance and service provision to the customers. The main competitors for Yahoo! include Google Inc., Acxiom Corporation, Agilysys, Inc., AOL Inc., Adobe Systems Inc, Facebook Inc, and Callidus Software, Inc. among others. These competitors tend to compete in terms of service provision to the internet users. The top competitors of the named ones for Yahoo are Google Inc., and AOL Inc (Mortensen p72). The key executives in the firm head the structure of the organization. The head of the structure is the Chief Executive Officer who is also the president of the firm. The Chief Executive Officer usually does most of the managerial activities and decisions in the firm. Other key executives who makes the top of the organization structure includes the Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief of Yahoo, and Chief Scientist and Head of Yahoo Labs. The growth and development of the firm majorly depends on these individuals (Associated Press). The management of the company mainly lies in the hands of the Board of Directors and the Key Executive members of Yahoo. The management team of the company tends to manage business at the company by ensuring that employees perform their duties as scheduled, and that the users of Yahoo receive the best products and services in the market (IFM). In 2011 September, the management team headed by the chair of the firm decided to fire the then Chief Executive Officer, Bartz. This decision was consequential in terms of business for Yahoo when a number of potential buyers came in with the idea of buying parts or rather the whole firm. In September 2012, the current Chief Executive Officer of Yahoo made a decision of closing the deal the company had with Alibaba in her managerial post. This particular deal; was controversial and it earned the company a negative image in the business fraternity. The closure of the deal affected the companys financial function in a positive way by giving the company 625 million US Dollars (IFM). In relation to sales and earnings of the key financial finding for Yahoo is that the company has been able to grow its bottom line. In the 2012, despite the stagnant revenue growth, the companys bottom line was able to grow from 1.0 billion US Dollars to 3.9 US Dollars. In the earning statement of 2012 delivered by the companys Chief Executive Officer, she stated that the firm was able to show a revenue growth in 2012 for the first time in a period of four years. The variables that tend to affect the earnings of the company include revenue, earnings per share, price to earnings ratio, and return on equity. The variables tend to change from time to time and this affects the earnings of the company (Mortensen p56). There are a number of activities and decisions that the company did to affect its financials. For instance, in 2012 during the quarter that the company made progress in its financials, it is indicated that various activities took place. The CEO stated that the executive team was reshuffled leading to its growth, there was the launching of unbelievable Yahoo! mail and Flickr mobile experiences, as well as signing of major business partnerships with the CBS Television, and NBC Sport (Snell p38). There are also a number of decisions that the company made which led to negative impact of its financials. They include signing a business deal with the Alibaba group, creation of the Yahoo! search image in 2006 that brought up sexually explicit images, and rejection of Microsoft Corporations bid of acquiring the firm in 2008 on the basis that Microsoft had undervalued it. These decisions led to the fall of the companys financials (Mortensen p81). It is with no doubt that global issues are affecting business at Yahoo. For instance, there are various global issues that can be discussed. Advancements in technology is one of the global issues that affect business at the company since it is an internet company. Many technologically advanced companies around the globe are coming up with advanced internet service provision, and this tends to keep Yahoo on toes (Belew and Joel p35). Another global issue of concern is the fact that majority of people around the globe communicate through the social medias in the internet. Since the company offers such services, increased numbers of subscribers on social networks around the globe affect business operations at the company. The company has to provide the best services to its customers (Belew and Joel p33). Challenges that Yahoo! has been facing over the years in business operation is a relevant topic that was left out. One of the main challenges that the company has been facing in the past years is poor management. For instance, until the appointment of Mayer as the Chief Executive Officer of the firm, the company had plunged into poor leadership. This is clearly indicated by the poor financial reports the company used to report in the past years (Belew and Joel p56). Another challenge that the company faced in the past, and was a great loss is the fact that the company had signed a business deal with Alibaba Group and that it had created a Yahoo! Search image that showed sexually explicit images. The company received a lot of criticism from the public, whereby it lost some of its customers (Mortensen p43).

By referring closely to J B Priestley’s account of Bradford, explain :: English Literature

By referring closely to J B Priestley’s account of Bradford, explain what he considers gave the city its particular character at the time he was writing. J.B. Priestley, in his writing about Bradford, believes its character comes from, what might seem like, conflicting ideas. These ideas contribute to what Priestley calls Bradford’s odd quality. The character of Bradford, in 1933, when Priestley was writing, was made up of two extremes, provincialism and that of a cosmopolitan city. Provincialism remained in Bradford, firstly because the railway went to Leeds and not to Bradford and therefore the city didn’t get much new trade, such as any other manufacturing and/or greater educational opportunities. As this was not the case and the railway went to Leeds instead of Bradford, the main job type in Bradford was the woollen industry, as it had already been for generations. All over Bradford there would have been spinning mills where people were employed to work very long and unsociable hours for very little pay. Another reason why provincialism remained in Bradford was because the woollen profession was what the people were used to. For generations in Bradford the woollen trade is what the local residents have been accustomed to and they enjoyed it. In 1930s when I am talking about, the peasants in the outskirts of Bradford would commute into Bradford on the trams. This kind of Bradford (the woollen industry etc.) is all they know and understand about life. This style of living is all that comes naturally to them. I feel that the people who lived and worked here in Bradford became very insular; they did not look beyond their experience. This is what kept provincialism a reality in Bradford. There is a lot more about Bradford that I haven’t already explained, aside from provincialism! A contradicting view of Bradford, to the above, is that the city was very based around cosmopolitan ideas and mindsets. Some people never ventured further than twenty or thirty miles out of Bradford whereas, others would have travelled to, what would seem to regular Bradfordians, the end of the universe, selling and buying woollen produce. Although they had travelled the world, gained more understanding and become more intelligent, when they returned to Market Street, Bradfordians would never have changed as, say Londoners would have. They still remained their same selves. When you met someone from Bradford you would think they had only travelled as far as York or Morecambe, but in actual fact they might have been to By referring closely to J B Priestley’s account of Bradford, explain :: English Literature By referring closely to J B Priestley’s account of Bradford, explain what he considers gave the city its particular character at the time he was writing. J.B. Priestley, in his writing about Bradford, believes its character comes from, what might seem like, conflicting ideas. These ideas contribute to what Priestley calls Bradford’s odd quality. The character of Bradford, in 1933, when Priestley was writing, was made up of two extremes, provincialism and that of a cosmopolitan city. Provincialism remained in Bradford, firstly because the railway went to Leeds and not to Bradford and therefore the city didn’t get much new trade, such as any other manufacturing and/or greater educational opportunities. As this was not the case and the railway went to Leeds instead of Bradford, the main job type in Bradford was the woollen industry, as it had already been for generations. All over Bradford there would have been spinning mills where people were employed to work very long and unsociable hours for very little pay. Another reason why provincialism remained in Bradford was because the woollen profession was what the people were used to. For generations in Bradford the woollen trade is what the local residents have been accustomed to and they enjoyed it. In 1930s when I am talking about, the peasants in the outskirts of Bradford would commute into Bradford on the trams. This kind of Bradford (the woollen industry etc.) is all they know and understand about life. This style of living is all that comes naturally to them. I feel that the people who lived and worked here in Bradford became very insular; they did not look beyond their experience. This is what kept provincialism a reality in Bradford. There is a lot more about Bradford that I haven’t already explained, aside from provincialism! A contradicting view of Bradford, to the above, is that the city was very based around cosmopolitan ideas and mindsets. Some people never ventured further than twenty or thirty miles out of Bradford whereas, others would have travelled to, what would seem to regular Bradfordians, the end of the universe, selling and buying woollen produce. Although they had travelled the world, gained more understanding and become more intelligent, when they returned to Market Street, Bradfordians would never have changed as, say Londoners would have. They still remained their same selves. When you met someone from Bradford you would think they had only travelled as far as York or Morecambe, but in actual fact they might have been to